Keystone XL Pipeline Project

The Keystone XL Pipeline Project was proposed in 2008 by TransCanada, later TC Energy, as an extension to its existing Keystone system, intended to carry diluted bitumen from Alberta's oil sands directly to refineries on the United States Gulf Coast. The project became a prolonged flashpoint in North American energy and climate politics, with its cross-border permit approved and then revoked by successive U.S. administrations, most consequentially when President Barack Obama denied a permit in 2015 and President Joe Biden revoked a subsequently reissued permit on his first day in office in January 2021. TC Energy formally terminated the project in June 2021 without it ever being completed, making it one of the highest-profile cancelled energy infrastructure projects of its era.