Home›Technologies›All TechnologiesBrowse ByAll TechnologiesReference and ClassificationDevelopingThe machines that convert, move and store energy, from the steam engine that opened the fossil age to the solar cells, batteries and heat pumps of the transition now underway. General engineering outside energy conversion stays with the technology atlas; a machine belongs here only when converting, moving or storing energy is its purpose.FactsAll TechnologiesConnectionsSourcesComments (0)Reader Challenges (0)FactsComparisonDomain Established EraWell-attested1750 1All TechnologiesFilter Results598 entriesTechnology TypeAllAbsorption and Adsorption Refrigeration (5)Air Conditioning and Vapor-Compression Cooling (9)Air Purification (3)Battery Systems and Management (3)Biological and Photochemical Hydrogen (6)Boilers, Furnaces and Combined Cycle Plants (11)Carbon Capture (8)Cogeneration and Combined Heat and Power (5)Detonation Engines (2)Direct Energy Conversion Devices (7)Electric Generators (7)Electric Motors (17)Electrostatic and Other Fusion Concepts (8)Enhanced and Advanced Geothermal Systems (6)External Combustion Engines (2)Fast and Breeder Reactors (5)Flow and Molten Salt Batteries (5)Fuel Cell Components (2)Fuel Cell Types (22)Gas Detection and Vapor Recovery (4)Gas Turbines and Jet Engines (2)Gas-Cooled Reactors (5)Gasification and Reforming (12)Generation IV and Advanced Concepts (9)Geothermal Heat Pumps and Direct Use (6)Geothermal Power Plants (4)Grid Monitoring, Metering and Control (14)Heat Engine Principles and Measurement (5)Heat Exchangers and Boiler Components (17)Heat Pumps (7)HVDC and Power Converters (2)Hydropower Structures and Components (2)Internal Combustion Engines (12)Light Water and Heavy Water Reactors (12)Magnetic Confinement Devices (11)Mechanical and Gas Storage Systems (17)Metal-Air Cells (3)Nitrogen Oxide and Vehicle Exhaust Control (5)Offshore and Floating Wind (2)Particulate Control Devices (7)Photovoltaic Systems and Applications (14)Physical Effects Behind Solar Cells (4)Primary Cells and Early Batteries (5)Reactive Power and Voltage Control (11)Rechargeable Batteries (13)Research and Small Reactors (5)Rotary Converters and Motor-Generators (2)Salinity Gradient Power (3)Scrubbers and Flue Gas Cleaning (6)Small and Run-of-River Hydropower (3)Solar Cell Types (14)Solar Heating for Buildings and Water (4)Solar Thermal Devices (11)Space Heating Devices (3)Steam Engines and Turbines (8)Switchgear and Circuit Protection (15)Thermal Energy Storage (7)Thermochemical Water-Splitting Cycles (6)Thermodynamic Power Cycles (10)Thermoelectric and Charge Effects (6)Thin-Film Solar Cells (5)Tidal Energy Devices (11)Traditional Windmills (5)Transformers (9)Vehicle Charging and Grid Interface (3)Vertical-Axis Wind Turbines (3)Water Electrolysis (10)Water Turbines (15)Water Wheels (5)Wave Energy Converters (14)Wind Turbines and Wind Farms (14)Energy Source UsedAllBiogas (1)Biomass Energy (12)Charcoal (1)Coal (12)Crude Oil (2)Diesel Fuel (2)Ethanol Fuel (1)Geothermal Energy (17)Hydrogen (11)Hydropower (28)Methanol (3)Natural Gas (15)Nuclear Fusion (23)Nuclear Power (33)Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (1)Osmotic Power (3)Sodium Borohydride (1)Solar Power (59)Tidal and Marine Energy (27)Uranium (10)Wind Power (26)Invented EraAll1663 (2)1707 (1)1712 (2)1742 (1)1748 (1)1750 (1)1767 (2)1769 (1)1771 (1)1791 (1)1796 (1)1798 (1)1799 (3)1800 (4)1804 (1)1812 (1)1816 (1)1821 (4)1827 (1)1831 (1)1832 (2)1834 (1)1836 (1)1837 (1)1838 (1)1839 (3)1845 (1)1849 (1)1853 (3)1854 (1)1855 (1)1858 (3)1859 (2)1861 (1)1866 (1)1868 (1)1870 (1)1872 (1)1873 (1)1874 (1)1876 (3)1877 (1)1878 (1)1879 (2)1880 (2)1881 (1)1882 (6)1883 (1)1884 (1)1885 (2)1886 (1)1887 (3)1888 (4)1890 (1)1892 (1)1893 (1)1895 (2)1896 (2)1899 (1)1901 (3)1902 (1)1903 (2)1904 (2)1905 (1)1906 (1)1907 (2)1908 (1)1911 (1)1912 (1)1913 (1)1916 (2)1918 (2)1919 (1)1922 (2)1926 (2)1927 (1)1930 (3)1931 (2)1932 (1)1933 (1)1934 (2)1936 (1)1940 (2)1942 (2)1944 (3)1946 (2)1947 (2)1948 (1)1949 (3)1950 (3)1951 (3)1952 (1)1954 (7)1955 (2)1956 (6)1957 (10)1958 (2)1959 (2)1960 (6)1961 (2)1962 (1)1963 (1)1964 (3)1966 (4)1967 (2)1969 (2)1970 (7)1971 (5)1972 (4)1973 (5)1974 (2)1975 (4)1976 (2)1977 (1)1978 (2)1980 (2)1982 (2)1983 (1)1984 (3)1985 (1)1986 (2)1987 (1)1988 (2)1989 (2)1990 (1)1991 (2)1992 (1)1993 (1)1995 (6)1996 (3)1997 (3)1998 (1)1999 (1)2000 (3)2002 (1)2003 (5)2004 (5)2005 (2)2006 (1)2007 (1)2008 (1)2009 (1)2010 (2)2011 (2)2012 (1)2014 (2)2015 (2)2016 (2)2018 (1)DeveloperAllAkira Yoshino (1)Alan Arthur Wells (1)Alessandro Volta (2)Alexander Kalina (1)Alexander M. Gorlov (1)Alphonse Sagebien (1)Alvin M. Weinberg (2)Andrei Sakharov (1)Anthony Michell (2)Augustin Mouchot (1)Benoit Fourneyron (1)Birger Ljungström (1)Bogdan Maglich (1)Brian O'Regan (1)Calvin Fuller (1)Charles F. Brush (1)Charles Fritts (1)Charles Parsons (1)Daniel Halladay (1)Daryl Chapin (1)Donat Banki (2)Edward Teller (1)Elihu Thomson (1)Elliot Berman (1)Farrington Daniels (1)Felix Wankel (1)Francis Thomas Bacon (1)Frank Shuman (1)Fredrik Ljungström (1)Fritz Marguerre (1)Fritz Ossberger (2)Galileo Ferraris (1)Gaston Plante (2)George Brayton (1)George Paget Thomson (1)George Westinghouse (1)Georges Darrieus (1)Georges Leclanche (1)Gerald Pearson (1)Harry Zvi Tabor (1)Hyman G. Rickover (1)Igor Tamm (1)James Atkinson (engineer) (1)James Blyth (1)James Francis (1)James Watt (3)Jean Charles Athanase Peltier (1)Johann Andreas Segner (1)Johannes Juul (1)John B. Goodenough (2)John Dixon Gibbs (1)John Ericsson (1)John Frederic Daniell (2)John Hopkinson (1)Kees Hulsbergen (1)Leo Szilard (2)Lester Allan Pelton (1)Lonnie Johnson (1)Lucien Bronicki (1)Lucien Gaulard (1)Lyman Spitzer (1)Marcellus Jacobs (1)Michael Faraday (2)Michael Grätzel (1)Michael Perry (1)Mikhail Dolivo-Dobrovolsky (1)Moses Blackman (1)Palmer Cosslett Putnam (1)Paul Kouris (2)Philo Farnsworth (1)Piero Ginori Conti (2)Pierre Curie (1)Poul la Cour (1)Ralph Miller (1)Richard Trevithick (1)Rob Steijn (1)Robert Stirling (1)Rodney Allam (1)Rudolf Diesel (2)Russell Ohl (1)Sebastian Ziani de Ferranti (1)Shawn Frayne (1)Sidney Loeb (3)Sigurd Johannes Savonius (1)Stanford R. Ovshinsky (1)Stanley Whittingham (1)Stephen Salter (1)Thomas Edison (2)Thomas Newcomen (2)Viktor Kaplan (1)Waldemar Jungner (1)Walter Zinn (1)Werner von Siemens (1)William Crookes (1)William Grylls Adams (1)William John Macquorn Rankine (1)William Robert Grove (1)William Stanley Jr. (1)MaturityAllTRL 3: Experimental Proof of Concept (127)TRL 6: Technology Demonstrated in Relevant Environment (30)TRL 7: System Prototype Demonstration in Operational Environment (58)TRL 9: Actual System Proven in Operational Environment (374)Show ResultsBrowseCompareSelect all 100Fuel CellElectrochemical ConverterFuel Cell Power PlantElectrochemical ConverterFurnaceHeating and CoolingFusorFusion DeviceGas CylinderEnergy StorageGas DetectorEmissions ControlGas Diffusion ElectrodeElectrochemical ConverterGas FlareEmissions ControlGas HolderEnergy StorageGas TurbineHeat EngineGas-Cooled Fast ReactorNuclear ReactorGas-Cooled ReactorNuclear ReactorGasificationHydrogen ProductionGeneration IV ReactorNuclear ReactorGeothermal DesalinationGeothermal ConversionGeothermal Heat PumpGeothermal ConversionGeothermal HeatingGeothermal ConversionGeothermal Power PlantGeothermal ConversionGorlov Helical TurbineHydropower TurbineGrate FiringHeat EngineGravitation Water Vortex Power PlantHydropower TurbineGravity BatteryEnergy StorageGrid-Forming InverterGrid EquipmentGround Source Heat PumpHeating and CoolingGrounding TransformerGrid EquipmentHeat EngineHeat EngineHeat ExchangerHeating and CoolingHeat PipeHeating and CoolingHeat PumpHeating and CoolingHeat Recovery Steam GeneratorHeating and CoolingHeat Recovery VentilationHeating and CoolingHeavy-Water ReactorNuclear ReactorHeterojunction Solar CellSolar ConversionHigh Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel CellElectrochemical ConverterHigh-Pressure ElectrolysisHydrogen ProductionHigh-Temperature ElectrolysisHydrogen ProductionHigh-Temperature Gas-Cooled ReactorNuclear ReactorHigh-Voltage Direct CurrentGrid EquipmentHomogeneous Charge Compression IgnitionHeat EngineHomopolar GeneratorElectrical MachineHorizontal-Axis Wind TurbineWind ConversionHot Dry Rock Geothermal EnergyGeothermal ConversionHualong OneNuclear ReactorHVDC Converter StationGrid EquipmentHybrid Solar LightingSolar ConversionHybrid Sulfur CycleHydrogen ProductionHydraulic AccumulatorEnergy StorageHydroelectricityHydropower TurbineHydrogen ClathrateHydrogen ProductionHydrogen Evolution ReactionHydrogen ProductionHydrogen StorageEnergy StorageIce Storage Air ConditioningHeating and CoolingIndependent Water and Power PlantHeating and CoolingIndicator DiagramHeat EngineInduction GeneratorElectrical MachineInduction MotorElectrical MachineInduction RegulatorGrid EquipmentInertial Confinement FusionFusion DeviceIntegral Fast ReactorNuclear ReactorIntegrated Gasification Combined CycleHeat EngineIntegrated Gasification Fuel Cell CycleHeat EngineIntermediate Band PhotovoltaicsSolar ConversionInternal Combustion EngineHeat EngineIron Oxide CycleHydrogen ProductionIron-Air BatteryEnergy StorageIsolation CondenserNuclear ReactorJet EngineHeat EngineJohnson Thermoelectric Energy ConverterElectrical MachineJonval TurbineHydropower TurbineKalina CycleHeat EngineKaplan TurbineHydropower TurbineKinetic Energy Recovery SystemEnergy StorageKouris Centri TurbineHydropower TurbineKvaerner ProcessHydrogen ProductionLead-Acid BatteryEnergy StorageLead-Cooled Fast ReactorNuclear ReactorLevitated DipoleFusion DeviceLinear AlternatorElectrical MachineLinear MotorElectrical MachineLiquid AirEnergy StorageLiquid Air Energy StorageEnergy StorageLiquid Fluoride Thorium ReactorNuclear ReactorLiquid Metal BatteryEnergy StorageLithium Iron Phosphate BatteryEnergy StorageLithium-Air BatteryEnergy StorageLithium-Ion BatteryEnergy StorageLithium-Sulfur BatteryEnergy StorageLjungstrom TurbineHeat EngineLoad Break SwitchGrid EquipmentLow-Head Hydro PowerHydropower TurbineLow-NOx BurnerEmissions ControlLuminescent Solar ConcentratorSolar ConversionMagnetic MirrorFusion DeviceMagnetic RefrigerationHeating and CoolingMagnetized Liner Inertial FusionFusion DeviceMagnetized Target FusionFusion DeviceMagnetohydrodynamic GeneratorElectrical MachineMagnox ReactorNuclear ReactorMarine Current PowerMarine ConversionMaximum Power Point TrackingSolar Conversion← Previous123456Next →ConnectionsShowing the first 400 of 599 connections.Sources1. Energy development - WikipediaEnergy development, Fossil Fuels section, Industrial Revolution sentenceQuote, Energy development, Fossil Fuels section, Industrial Revolution sentenceThe use of fossil fuels in the 18th and 19th centuries set the stage for the Industrial Revolution.View the SourceEncyclopedia BritannicaEncyclopedia Britannica, Inc.View the SourceComments (0)No comments yet. Be the first to share a thought.Sign in to join the discussion.Reader Challenges (0)No disputes yet. Spotted an error or a better source? Open the first one.Sign in to dispute this or suggest a correction.