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Hydropower

Also Known As Hydroelectric Power
Renewable
Water Over a Dam

Electricity generated from falling or flowing water, the oldest and still the largest renewable source of electricity worldwide. Water wheels ground grain for two thousand years before the first hydroelectric plants of the early 1880s, and the great dams of the twentieth century made hydropower the backbone of many national grids.

Facts
Source Class
Renewable 1
First Commercial Year
1882 2
The Vulcan Street plant at Appleton, Wisconsin, began generating hydroelectricity for paying customers on 30 September 1882, weeks after the Pearl Street coal station opened in New York.
Connections

Associated With

Source Wikipedia: Alexander Gorlov
Source Wikipedia: Alphonse Sagebien
Source Encyclopedia of Australian Science and Innovation: Anthony George Maldon Michell
Donat Banki, Pioneers
Source Wikipedia: Donat Banki
Source USA.gov Federal Agency Directory
Source OSSBERGER Hydro: Cross Flow Turbines
Source International Hydropower Association Official Site
Source Wikipedia: Johann Andreas Segner
Source John L. Savage (Wikipedia)
Source Lester Allan Pelton (Wikipedia)
Source Wikipedia: Momosuke Fukuzawa
Source Encyclopedia Britannica
Paul Kouris, Pioneers
Source Wikipedia: Kouris Centri Turbine
Source American Society of Civil Engineers Official Site
Source William Armstrong, 1st Baron Armstrong (Wikipedia)

Used By

Source Power Technology

Dam construction project on the Nile River, Egypt, completed 1970.

Source United States Department of Energy Official Site

Hydroelectric complex on the Xingu River, Para, Brazil.

Hydroelectric dam construction project on the Xingu River, Para, Brazil.

1928 US federal project that built Hoover Dam on the Colorado River.

US Bureau of Reclamation irrigation and hydroelectric project built around Grand Coulee Dam, Washington State.

Source Encyclopedia Britannica
Source Wikipedia: Cross-flow turbine
Source Wikipedia: Deriaz turbine
Source Wikipedia: Draft tube

Pumped-storage hydroelectric station, Hebei, China, the largest pumped-storage facility in the world by nameplate capacity.

Source United States Department of Energy Official Site
Source Wikipedia: Gorlov helical turbine
Source United States Bureau of Reclamation Site

Hydroelectric dam construction project on the Blue Nile, Ethiopia.

Source Gravitation water vortex power plant, Wikipedia

Hydroelectric dam on the Caroni River, Bolivar State, Venezuela, one of the largest hydroelectric facilities in the world.

Source Encyclopedia Britannica
Source Wikipedia: Hydroelectricity

Hydroelectric project on the Parana River, Brazil-Paraguay border.

Source Encyclopedia Britannica
Source Jonval turbine - Wikipedia
Source United States Department of Energy Official Site
Source Wikipedia: Kouris Centri Turbine
Source Wikipedia: Low-head hydro power
Source Wikipedia: Micro hydro
Source Wikipedia: Water wheel
Source United States Department of Energy Official Site
Penstock, Technologies
Source Wikipedia: Penstock
Source United States Department of Energy Official Site
Source Reverse overshot water wheel (Wikipedia)
Source Wikipedia: Run-of-the-river hydroelectricity
Source Wikipedia: Sagebien wheel
Source Segner wheel (Wikipedia)
Source Steffturbine, Wikipedia

Dam construction project on the Indus River, Pakistan, one of the largest earth-filled dams in the world.

Source Encyclopedia Britannica

Hydroelectric dam project on the Yangtze River, Hubei, China, the largest power station in the world by installed capacity.

Hydroelectric dam on the Tocantins River, Para, Brazil, the first large hydroelectric project built entirely by Brazilian engineers.

Source Tyson turbine (Wikipedia)
Source Wikipedia: Water wheel

Hydroelectric development project including the Akosombo Dam on the Volta River, Ghana.

Source Wikipedia: Water wall turbine
Source Wikipedia: Water wheel

Hydroelectric dam on the Jinsha River, Yunnan-Sichuan border, China, one of the largest hydroelectric facilities in the world by capacity.

Sources
1. United States Energy Information Administration Official Site
US Energy Information AdministrationView the Source
2. United States Department of Energy Official Site
US Department of Energy
  • Used By: Francis Turbine, Water Power Technologies Office, Types of Hydropower Turbines
    Francis turbines are commonly used for medium- to high-head (130- to 2,000-foot) situations though they have been used for lower heads as well.
  • Used By: Kaplan Turbine, Types of Hydropower Turbines
    Both the blades and the wicket gates are adjustable, allowing for a wider range of operation.
  • Used By: Pelton Turbine, Types of Hydropower Turbines
    Pelton turbines are generally used for very high heads and low flows.
View the Source
Encyclopedia Britannica
Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc.
  • Used By: Three Gorges Dam
  • Used By: Hoover Dam
  • Used By: Itaipu Dam
  • Used By: Crossflow Turbine
View the Source
American Society of Civil Engineers Official Site
American Society of Civil EngineersAssociated With: Vulcan Street Plant Lights Appleton, Historic Landmarks, Vulcan Street Plant
Quote, Associated With: Vulcan Street Plant Lights Appleton, Historic Landmarks, Vulcan Street Plant
The Edison Company had already begun to generate electricity with steam power 26 days earlier at its Pearl Street plant in New York City, but steam-generated electricity proved more expensive.
View the Source
USA.gov Federal Agency Directory
United States General Services AdministrationAssociated With: Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, Agencies, Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
Quote, Associated With: Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, Agencies, Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) regulates interstate transmission of electricity, natural gas, and oil, and also regulates hydropower projects and natural gas terminals.
View the Source
International Hydropower Association Official Site
International Hydropower AssociationAssociated With: International Hydropower Association, Who we are, About IHA
Quote, Associated With: International Hydropower Association, Who we are, About IHA
The International Hydropower Association (IHA) is the global voice of sustainable hydropower. It is a non-profit membership organisation representing well over 100 members from every continent in the world.
View the Source
United States Bureau of Reclamation Site
United States Bureau of ReclamationUsed By: Grand Coulee Dam, Grand Coulee Dam fact sheet
Quote, Used By: Grand Coulee Dam, Grand Coulee Dam fact sheet
Grand Coulee Dam is the largest hydropower producer in the United States, generating more than 21 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity each year.
View the Source
Wikipedia
Wikimedia FoundationUsed By: Dinorwig Power Station, Dinorwig Power Station, specification
Quote, Used By: Dinorwig Power Station, Dinorwig Power Station, specification
From standstill, a single 450-tonne generator can synchronise and achieve full load in approximately 75 seconds
View the Source
Power Technology
GlobalDataUsed By: Aswan High Dam, Projects, Aswan High Dam, details
Quote, Used By: Aswan High Dam, Projects, Aswan High Dam, details
It also has 12 Francis turbines, with an installed capacity of 2,100MW
View the Source
Wikipedia: Water wheel
Wikipedia
  • Used By: Water Wheel, Wikipedia article lead
    a machine for converting the kinetic energy of flowing or falling water into useful forms of power, often in a watermill. A water wheel
  • Used By: Overshot Water Wheel, Wikipedia article lead
    a machine for converting the kinetic energy of flowing or falling water into useful forms of power, often in a watermill. A water wheel
  • Used By: Undershot Water Wheel, Wikipedia article lead
    a machine for converting the kinetic energy of flowing or falling water into useful forms of power, often in a watermill. A water wheel
View the Source
Jonval turbine - Wikipedia
Used By: Jonval Turbine, Wikipedia article lead
Quote, Used By: Jonval Turbine, Wikipedia article lead
The Jonval turbine is a water turbine design invented in France in 1837 and introduced to the United States around
View the Source
Segner wheel (Wikipedia)
Used By: Segner Wheel, Wikipedia article lead
Quote, Used By: Segner Wheel, Wikipedia article lead
The Segner wheel or Segner turbine is a type of water turbine invented by Johann Andreas Segner in the 18th century. It uses the
View the Source
Tyson turbine (Wikipedia)
Used By: Tyson Turbine, Wikipedia article lead
Quote, Used By: Tyson Turbine, Wikipedia article lead
The Tyson turbine is a conical water turbine with helical blades emerging partway down from the apex gradually
View the Source
Wikipedia: Water wall turbine
Used By: Water Wall Turbine, Wikipedia article lead
Quote, Used By: Water Wall Turbine, Wikipedia article lead
to utilize hydrostatic pressure differences for low head hydropower generation. It supports bidirectional inflow operation using radial blades that
View the Source
Gravitation water vortex power plant, Wikipedia
Used By: Gravitation Water Vortex Power Plant, Wikipedia article lead
Quote, Used By: Gravitation Water Vortex Power Plant, Wikipedia article lead
the water forms a stable line vortex which drives a water turbine. Precourse designs were patented in 1877 and 1967. The specific
View the Source
Steffturbine, Wikipedia
Used By: Steffturbine, Wikipedia article lead
Quote, Used By: Steffturbine, Wikipedia article lead
is a turbine for generating electrical energy using hydropower. Their functioning and performance was proven by the scientific
View the Source
Wikipedia: Kouris Centri Turbine
  • Used By: Kouris Centri Turbine, Wikipedia article lead
    The Kouris Centri Turbine (KCT) is a gravitation water vortex turbine that utilizes rotational kinetic energy for generating power,
  • Associated With: Paul Kouris, History
    he constructed a prototype hydro-electric system using large water tanks
View the Source
Wikipedia: Micro hydro
Used By: Micro Hydro, Wikipedia article lead
Quote, Used By: Micro Hydro, Wikipedia article lead
from 5 kW to 100 kW of electricity using the natural flow of water. Installations below 5 kW are called pico hydro. These
View the Source
Wikipedia: Run-of-the-river hydroelectricity
Used By: Run-of-the-River Hydroelectricity, Wikipedia article lead
Quote, Used By: Run-of-the-River Hydroelectricity, Wikipedia article lead
Run-of-river hydroelectricity (ROR) or run-of-the-river hydroelectricity is a type of hydroelectric
View the Source
Wikipedia: Low-head hydro power
Used By: Low-Head Hydro Power, Wikipedia article lead
Quote, Used By: Low-Head Hydro Power, Wikipedia article lead
Low-head hydro power refers to the development of hydroelectric power where the head is typically less than 20 metres, although precise
View the Source
Wikipedia: Cross-flow turbine
Used By: Cross-Flow Turbine, Wikipedia article lead
Quote, Used By: Cross-Flow Turbine, Wikipedia article lead
Bánki-Michell turbine, or Ossberger turbine is a water turbine developed by the Australian Anthony Michell, the Hungarian Donát
View the Source
Lester Allan Pelton (Wikipedia)
Associated With: Lester Allan Pelton, Wikipedia article lead
Quote, Associated With: Lester Allan Pelton, Wikipedia article lead
contributed significantly to the development of hydroelectricity and hydropower in the American Old West as well as world-wide. In the late 1870s, he
View the Source
John L. Savage (Wikipedia)
Associated With: John L. Savage, Wikipedia article lead
Quote, Associated With: John L. Savage, Wikipedia article lead
supervised the designs for, he is best known for Hoover Dam, Shasta Dam, Parker Dam and Grand Coulee Dam in the United States
View the Source
Wikipedia: Gorlov helical turbine
WikipediaUsed By: Gorlov Helical Turbine, Lead
Quote, Used By: Gorlov Helical Turbine, Lead
The Gorlov helical turbine (GHT) is a water turbine evolved from the Darrieus turbine design by altering it to have helical blades/foils.
View the Source
Wikipedia: Sagebien wheel
Used By: Sagebien Wheel, Lead
Quote, Used By: Sagebien Wheel, Lead
The Sagebien wheel is a type of water wheel invented by Alphonse Sagebien of France, a hydrological engineer and a graduate of the École Centrale des Arts et Manufactures.
View the Source
Wikipedia: Penstock
Used By: Penstock, Lead
Quote, Used By: Penstock, Lead
A penstock is a sluice or gate or intake structure that controls water flow, or an enclosed pipe that delivers water to hydro turbines and sewerage systems.
View the Source
Wikipedia: Draft tube
Used By: Draft Tube, Lead
Quote, Used By: Draft Tube, Lead
A draft tube is a diverging tube fitted at the exit of a turbine's runner and used to utilize the kinetic energy available with water at the exit of the runner.
View the Source
Reverse overshot water wheel (Wikipedia)
Used By: Reverse Overshot Water-Wheel, Lead
Quote, Used By: Reverse Overshot Water-Wheel, Lead
Frequently used in mines and probably elsewhere (such as agricultural drainage), the reverse overshot water wheel was a Roman innovation to help remove water from the lowest levels of underground workings.
View the Source
Encyclopedia of Australian Science and Innovation: Anthony George Maldon Michell
Associated With: Anthony Michell, Summary
Quote, Associated With: Anthony Michell, Summary
a cross-flow turbine
View the Source
Wikipedia: Donat Banki
Associated With: Donat Banki, Lead
Quote, Associated With: Donat Banki, Lead
Bánki is also given partial credit for the invention of the crossflow turbine.
View the Source
OSSBERGER Hydro: Cross Flow Turbines
Associated With: Fritz Ossberger, History
Quote, Associated With: Fritz Ossberger, History
The two men quickly established a strong working relationship and together developed a water power turbine suitable for use by medium-sized manufacturing firms.
View the Source
Wikipedia: Hydroelectricity
Used By: Hydroelectricity, Lead
Quote, Used By: Hydroelectricity, Lead
Hydroelectricity, or hydroelectric power, is electricity generated from hydropower.
View the Source
Wikipedia: Deriaz turbine
WikipediaUsed By: Deriaz Turbine, Lead
Quote, Used By: Deriaz Turbine, Lead
was the first diagonal hydraulic pump-turbine to be designed
View the Source
Wikipedia: Alexander Gorlov
Associated With: Alexander M. Gorlov, Career
Quote, Associated With: Alexander M. Gorlov, Career
Gorlov has developed helical turbines for use in the river, tidal, and open ocean currents.
View the Source
Wikipedia: Johann Andreas Segner
Associated With: Johann Andreas Segner, Contributions
Quote, Associated With: Johann Andreas Segner, Contributions
He was the first scientist to use the reactive force of water and constructed the first water-jet, the Segner wheel
View the Source
Wikipedia: Alphonse Sagebien
Associated With: Alphonse Sagebien, Lead
Quote, Associated With: Alphonse Sagebien, Lead
the inventor of the Sagebien wheel - a device that made hydraulically powered systems much more efficient in extracting energy from moving water
View the Source
Hydropower (Wikipedia)
In Group: Sun, Wind and Water Power, Lead
Quote, In Group: Sun, Wind and Water Power, Lead
Hydropower (from Ancient Greek ὑδρο-, "water"), also known as water power or water energy, is the use of falling or fast-running water to produce electricity or to power machines.
View the Source
William Armstrong, 1st Baron Armstrong (Wikipedia)
Associated With: William Armstrong, 1st Baron Armstrong, Lead section
Quote, Associated With: William Armstrong, 1st Baron Armstrong, Lead section
In collaboration with the architect Richard Norman Shaw, he built Cragside in Northumberland, the first house in the world to be lit by hydroelectricity.
View the Source
Wikipedia: Momosuke Fukuzawa
Associated With: Momosuke Fukuzawa, Lead section
Quote, Associated With: Momosuke Fukuzawa, Lead section
Momosuke Fukuzawa (福澤 桃介 Fukuzawa Momosuke, June 25, 1868, February 2, 1938) was a Japanese businessman nicknamed "The Wizard of the Money Markets" for his financial success and "The King of Electrical Power" for being the first Japanese to introduce hydroelectric power to the country.
View the Source
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